Roux
A cooked flour-and-fat paste that thickens as the starch hydrates.
When to use
Gravies, pan sauces, cheese sauces, cream soups, pot pies.
Ratio (medium gravy)
Per 1 cup liquid: 1 Tbsp butter + 1 Tbsp flour (≈8 g + 8 g).
Color matters: white (1–2 min), blond (3–5 min), brown (6–8+ min). Darker = more flavor, slightly less thickening.
Steps
- Melt butter in a saucepan over medium heat.
- Whisk in flour. Cook 2–3 minutes (white/blond), whisking.
- Off heat, whisk in ~½ cup hot stock until smooth. Return to low heat and whisk in the rest.
- Bring to a gentle simmer. Cook 5–8 minutes, whisking, until silky and it lightly coats a spoon.
- Adjust salt and pepper. Optionally finish off heat with a small knob of butter and a splash of vinegar or lemon.
Quick scale
- Thin: 2 tsp flour + 2 tsp butter per cup.
- Medium: 1 Tbsp + 1 Tbsp per cup.
- Thick: 1½ Tbsp + 1½ Tbsp per cup.
Troubleshooting
- Lumpy: Start with a small liquid addition off heat; strain if needed.
- Floury taste: Simmer longer.
- Greasy sheen: Skim fat; avoid hard boils.
- Too thick: Whisk in hot stock; simmer 1–2 minutes.
- Too thin: Reduce briefly or whisk in a bit more roux.
Make-ahead & reheat
Roux keeps 1 week refrigerated or months frozen. Reheat sauces gently (no rolling boil); loosen with hot stock if needed.